Фрідріх Кратохвіл

Фрі́дріх Крато́хвіл (Friedrich Kratochwil; народився 1944, Бржецлав, Моравія) — німецький університетський професор, вчений-політолог, який вивчився в Університеті Мюнхена перед переїздом до США, згодом повернувся до Європи. Він отримав подяку від Університету Прінстона.

Фрідріх Кратохвіл
Народився	15 лютого 1944(1944-02-15) (80 років) Бржецлав
Країна	Німеччина
Діяльність	політолог, викладач університету, редактор
Галузь	міжнародні відносини, міжнародне право, зовнішня політика і політологія
Alma mater	Принстонський університет
Знання мов	німецька і англійська
Заклад	Колумбійський університет і Мюнхенський університет Людвіга-Максиміліана

З біографії

Одна з його відомих книг — «Правила, норми та рішення» (1989), що вводить конструктивізм у дисципліну вивчення міжнародних відносин.

Після декількох десятиліть у США він знову перетнув Атлантичний океан, щоб викладати в Мюнхенському університеті.

У 2010-х викладав міжнародні відносини в Європейському університетському інституті у Флоренції, Італія.

Він працював редактором Європейського журналу міжнародних відносин та членом редакційних колегій декількох журналів, зокрема: Журналу міжнародних відносин Азіатсько-Тихоокеанського регіону, Міжнародних квартальних досліджень, Міжнародної організації і Світової політики,та членом редакційної ради "правління Міленіуму": Журнал міжнародних досліджень.

Книги

• International Order and Foreign Policy (Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1978).
• The Humean Conception of International Relations, Center for International Studies, Princeton University, Princeton, N.J., 1981.
• International Law: A Contemporary Perspective (Boulder, Colo., Westview Press, 1985) co-edited with Richard Falk, Princeton University, and Saul Mendlovitz, Rutgers Law School.
• Peace and Disputed Sovereignty, Reflections on Conflict over Territory (Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1985), co-authored with Paul Rohrlich and Harpreet Mahajan.
• Rules, Norms and Decisions, On the Conditions of Practical and Legal Reasoning in International Relations and Domestic Society (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989), Paperback edition March 1991.
• International Organization: A Reader (together with Ed Mansfield, eds. (New York: Harper Collins, 1993).
• The Return of Culture and Identity in IR Theory (editor, with Yosef Lapid), Boulder, Colo.: Lynne Rienner, 1996.
• Transformative Change and Global Order (editor, with Doris Fuchs), LIT Verlag, 2002
• International Organization and Global Governance: A Reader, Friedrich Kratochwil and Edward D. Mansfield (eds.), Pearson Longman, Second Edition, 2005
• The Status of Law in World Society: Mediations on the Role and Rule of Law. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014.
• Praxis: On Acting and Knowing. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2018.

Статті

• "Politik und Politische Wissenschaft", Zeitschrift für Politik, vol. 18 (1971), no. 2, pp. 113–23.
• "Strukturfunktionalismus und Methodologische Probleme der Politischen Entwicklungslehre, Zeitschrift für Politik, vol. 19 (1972), no. 1, pp. 32–48.
• "Amerika, hast du es besser?", Zeitschrift für Politik, vol. 20 (1972), no. 1, pp. 73–81.
• "Alternative Criteria for Evaluating Foreign Policy", International Interaction, vol. 8 (Summer, 1981), pp. 105–22.
• "On the Notion of ‘Interest’ in International Relations", International Organization, vol. 36, no. 1 (Winter, 1982), pp. 1–30.
• "Is International Law ‘Proper Law’?", Archiv für Rechts- und Sozialphilosophie, (Archives for Philosophy of LAW AND Social Philosophy), vol. 69, Heft 1, 1983, pp. 13-46.
• "Thrasymmachos Revisited: On the Relevance of Norms and the Study of Law for International Relations", Journal of International Affairs (Winter, 1983), pp. 343–356.
• "Errors have their Advantages", International Organization, vol. 38, no. 1 (Winter, 1984), pp. 305–320.
• "The Force of Prescriptions", International Organization, vol. 38 (Fall, 1984), pp. 685–708.
• "Rethinking the Sources of International Law", Columbia Journal of Transnational Law, vol. 23 (1985), pp. 705–712.
• "The Role of Domestic Courts as Agencies of the International Legal Order", in: Falk, Kratochwil, Mendlovitz (eds.), International Law, A Contemporary Perspective, (Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1985), ch. 13, pp. 236–263.
• "Of Law and Human Action: A Jurisprudential Plea for a World Order Perspective in International Legal Studies", in: Falk, Kratochwil, Mendlovitz (eds.), International Law, op.cit., ch. 37, 639-650.
• "The State of the Art, or the Art of the State", together with John Ruggie, International Organization, vol. 40 (1986), pp. 753–76; Routledge Volumes, vol. 2 (2000), pp. 753–75.
• "Of Systems and Boundaries, Reflections on the Formation of the State System", World Politics, vol. 39 (Fall, 1986), pp. 27–52.
• "Strukturfunktionalismus und methodologische Probleme der politischen Entwicklungslehre", in: Franz Nuscheler (ed.), Politikwissenschaftliche Entwicklungsländerforschung, Wege der Forschung, vol. 379 (Darmstadt, Ger.: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 1986), pp. 74–98. (reprinted from Zeitschrift für Politik, vol. 19 (1972).
• "Norms and Values: Rethinking the Domestic Analogy", Ethics and International Affairs, vol. 1 (1987).
• "Rules, Norms, Values and the Limits of ‘Rationality’", Archiv für Rechts- und Sozialphilosophie, vol. 73 (1987).
• "Diritto e Principi di Natura: Pufendorf e le Leggi di Natura come Condizioni Transcendentali di un Discorso sulle Dispute“, Teoria Politica (Italy), vol. 4 (1988),.
• "Regimes, Interpretation and the ‘Science’ of Politics", Millennium, vol. 17 (1988), pp. 263–284.
• "Protagorean Quest: Community, Justice, and the ‘Oughts and Musts’ of International Politics“, International Journal, vol. 43, No. 2, 1988.
• "International Organization: The State of the Art", with John Ruggie, in: Paul Diehl (ed.), The Politics of International Organizations: Patterns and Insights, (Chicago, Il., Dorsey Press, 1989), pp. 17–27.
• "The Challenge of Security in a Changing World", Journal of International Affairs, vol. 43 (Summer/Fall, 1989), pp. 119–141.
• "On the Relevance of Norms and the Study of Law for International Relations", in: Peter A. Toma, Robert Gorman (eds.), International Relations: Understanding Global Issues (Pacific Grove, Calif.: Brooks-Cole Publishers, 1990), ch. 10; abridged reprint from „Thrasymmachus Revisited", Journal of International Affairs, vol. 37 (Winter, 1984).
• "International Order and Individual Liberty", Constitutional Political Economy, vol. 3, No. 1 (1992), pp. 39–50.
• "The Embarrassment of Changes: Neo-Realism as the Science of Realpolitik without Politics", Review of International Studies, vol. 19 (1993), pp. 1–18.
• "Norms vs. Numbers, Multilateralism and the Rationalist and Reflexivist Approaches to Institutions, A Unilateral Plea for Communicative Rationality", in: John G. Ruggie (ed.), Multilateralism Matters (New York: Columbia University Press, 1993), chapter 11.
• "Constitutional Thought vs. Value-based Thought in World Order Studies", in:Richard Falk, Robert Johansen, Samuel Kim (eds.), The Constitutional Foundations of World Peace (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1993, chapter 11).
• "Medieval Tales: Neorealist ‘Science’ and the Abuse of History", (together with Rodney Hall), International Organization, vol. 47, no. 3 (Summer, 1993), pp. 479–92.
• "Contract and Regimes“, in: Volker Rittberger (ed.), Regime Theory and International Relations (Oxford, Engl.: Clarendon Press, 1993), chapter 4. "Understanding Change in International Politics: The Soviet empire’s demise and the international system" (together with Rey Koslowski), International Organization (Spring, 1994), vol. 48, no. 2, pp. 215–248.
• "The Limits of Contract", European Journal of International Law, vol. 5 (no. 4, 1994), pp. 465–91.
• "The Limits of Contract", reprinted in: Law and Moral Action in World Politics, Cecelia Lynch, Michael Loriaux (eds.), (University of Minnesota Press, 2000), pp. 24–53.
• "Citizenship: On the Border of Order?", in: Alternatives vol. 19, no. 4 (Fall, 1994), pp. 485–506.
• "Changing Relations between State, Market, and Society, and the Problem of Knowledge", Pacific Focus, vol. 9 (Fall, 1994), pp. 43–60.
• "Sovereignty as ‘Dominium’; Is there a Right of Humanitarian Intervention?", in: Michael Mastanduno, Gene Lyons (eds.), Beyond Westphalia? National Sovereignty and International Intervention (Baltimore, MD.: Johns Hopkins Univ.Press, 1995), chapter 2.
• "Was wissen wir über den Wandel der Beziehungen zwischen Staat, Markt und Gesellschaft?", Welttrends, No 7 (1995), pp. 114–132.
• "Why Sisyphus is Happy: Reflections on the ‘Third Debate’ and on Theorizing as a Vocation", The Seyjong Review vol. 3 (1995), pp. 3–36.
• "Revisiting the „National“: Toward an Identity Agenda in Neorealism?", in: Yosef Lapid, Friedrich Kratochwil (eds.), Nationalism, Citizenship and Identity (Boulder, Colo.: Lynne Riener Publ., 1995), pp. 105-128.
• "Citizenship: On the Border of Order?", in: Friedrich Kratochwil, Yosef Lapid (eds.), Nationalism, Citizenship and Identity (Boulder, Colo.: Lynne Riener, Publ. 1995), pp. 181–197, (reprint from Alternatives vol. 19, no. 4 (Fall, 1994).
• "Is the Ship of Culture at Sea or Returning?", in: together with Yosef Lapid (ed.), Nationalism, Citizenship and Identity (Boulder, Colo.: Lynne Riener Publ., 1996), pp. 201–222.
• "Globalization and the Disappearance of ‘Publics’", in: Jin-Young Chung (ed.), Global Governance; The Role of International Institutions in A Changing World (Seoul: Sejong Institute, 1997), chapter 4. „Awakening or Somnambulation“, in Millennium, vol. 26, No. 2, 1997, pp. 1–6.
• "Politics, Norms, and Peaceful Change", Review of International Studies, vol. 24 (1998), pp. 193–218, reprinted also in Tim Dunne, Michael Cox, Ken Booth (eds.), The Eighty Years’ Crisis, Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, (1998), pp. 193–218.
• "Acción y Conocimiento Histórico: La Construcción de Teorías de las Relaciones Internácionales“, Foro Internácional, vol. XXXIX-4 (1999), pp. 588–610.
• "How Do Norms Matter?" in: Michael Byers (ed.), The Role of Law in International Politics (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000), pp. 35–68. „Theory and Political Practice: Reflections on Theory-Building in International Relations" in: Principled World Politics; The Challenge of Normative International Relations (Paul Wapner, Lester Edwin J. Ruiz, eds.): Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc. (2000), pp. 50–64.
• "Constructing a New Orthodoxy? Wendt’s ‘Social Theory of International Politics’ and the Constructivist Challenge" in: Millennium (2000), vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 73–101.
• "The Politics of Place and Origin: An Inquiry into the Changing Boundaries of Representation, Citizenship, and Legitimacy" in: Beverly Neufeld, Michi Ebata (eds.): Confronting the Political in International Relations (London: MacMillan, 2000/New York: St. Martin’s Press, 2000), chapter 8, pp. 185–211; in: International Relations of the Asia-Pacific (Oxford University Press, 2001), vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 143–165.
• "Constructivism as an Approach to Interdisciplinary Study", in: Karin M. Fierke/Knud Erik Joergensen (eds.), Constructing International Relations, the next generation (Armonk, N.Y./London: M.E. Sharpe, 2001), chapt. 1, pp. 13–35.
• "International law as an approach to international ethics: A plea for a jurisprudential diagnostics" Jean-Marc Coicaud, Daniel Warner (eds.): Ethics and International Affairs (Tokyo: United Nations University Press, 2001), chapt. 2, pp. 14–41.
• "Conclusion", in: Friedrich Kratochwil/Mathias Albert/David Jacobson/Yosef Lapid (eds.), Identities, Borders, Orders: New Directions in IR Theory (Minneapolis/London: University of Minnesota Press, 2001).
• "Reflexivity: Method and Evidence" (T. Hopf/F. V. Kratochwil/R.N. Lebow) in: International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (Elsevier Science Ltd., Oxford, 2001), 12884-12888
• "Souveränität und Moderne. Eine begriffliche Analyse des semantischen Feldes" in: Markus Jachtenfuchs/Michèle Knodt (Hrsg.): Regieren in internationalen Institutionen (Leske + Budrich, Opladen, 2002), S. 29-51
• "Globalization: What It Is and What It Is Not. Some critical reflections on the discursive formations dealing with transformative change" in: Doris A. Fuchs/Friedrich Kratochwil (eds.), Transformative Change and Global Order (LIT Verlag 2002), S. 25-44
• "11. September: Das Ende des Hobbesischen Projekts?", in: Neue Bedrohung Terrorismus. Der 11. September 2001 und die Folgen (Sammelband), Ellen Box, Antje Helmerich (Hrsg.), Lit Verlag Münster, 2003, S. 109-25.
• "Moles, Martyrs and Sleepers. The End of the Hobbesian Project?" Ethnologia Europaea 33:2:57-68, 2003
• "The ‘Legalization’ of World Politics?" Leiden Journal of International Law, Vol 16, December 2003: 878-84, 2003
• "Religion and (Inter-)National Politics: On th Heuristics of Identities, Structures, and Agents, Alternatives", 30 (2005), 113-140

Інші роботи

• An Evaluation of the CACI/CIA Modell for Long Range Strategic Forecasting (Arlington, Va.: Computer Science Corp., 1978).
• „The Problem of Measurement and Explanation in the Social Sciences“, Letter Report to the Department of Defense, Computer Science Corp., December 15, 1978.
• Book review of Cornelius Murphy, Jr., The Search for World Order (Dordrecht-Boston: Martinus Nijhoff Publ., 1985), American Journal of International Law, vol. 81, no. 3 (1987), pp. 780–82.
• Book review of Barry Buzan, Charles Jones, Richard Little, The Logic of Anarchy (New York: Columbia University Press, 1993), American Political Science Review, vol. 88, No. 1 (March 1994), pp. 249–251.
• „Which Role for Germany? Reflections on the ‘Nation mit Null Bock’“, Thyssen Lectures, Georgetown University, 1996.
• „Kreatives Chaos: Überlegungen zur Reformierbarkeit komplexer sozialer Systeme“, Aviso, vol. 4 (1997), pp. 23 bis 27..

Джерело

• Фрідріх Кратохвіл на сайті Центрально-Європейського університету (англ.)