English: The ethmoidal labyrinth (Labirinthus ethmoidalis) consists of a large number of thin-walled porous bone tubules (or ethmoid curls - ethmoturbinalia), which lead to the perforated plate (lamina cribrosa ossis ethmoidalis) of the ethmoid bone (os ethmoidale). The number of tubules in different species differs. They form the basis for the epithelium of the olfactory region of the nasal cavity, and the larger the area of the epithelium, the more olfactory receptors in it. But olfactory acuity also depends largely on genes that encode different types of olfactory receptor functional proteins. Thin bones are not often preserved in archaeological materials. In this case, in the course of research it was possible to investigate the structure of the ethmoidal labyrinth on the example of the skull of an ancient dog from the city of Olbia (excavations in 2020).

English: Morphology of ethmoidal labyrinth’s bone tubules on the example of the skull of an ancient dog. Olbia, excavations in 2020