Орбан (інженер): відмінності між версіями

'''Урбан''', також відомий як '''Орбан''' (пом. 1453), -— металург та [[інженер]] з міста Брашо, [[Трансільванія|Трансильванія]], [[Угорське королівство]] (нині [[Брашов]], [[Румунія]]), який розробив надпотужну зброю для [[Османська імперія|Османської імперії]], що дозволила [[Падіння Константинополя|захопити Константинополь]] у 1453 року.

Як свідчать сучасні автори, Урбан був [[Угорці|угорцемугорець]],<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZGYJgY9bdqsC&pg=PA234&dq=orban+Hungarian+constantinople+1453&hl=en&sa=X&ei=iEsBT6frDuShmQWC7qGFAQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=orban%20Hungarian%20constantinople%201453&f=false|title=Transcultural Wars from the Middle Ages to the 21st Century - Hans-Henning Kortüm|date=2007-01-01|publisher=Books.google.com.au|accessdate=2015-06-26}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dNqzjfWABSAC&pg=PA43&dq=orban+Hungarian+constantinople+1453&hl=en&sa=X&ei=iEsBT6frDuShmQWC7qGFAQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=orban%20Hungarian%20constantinople%201453&f=false|title=Guns for the Sultan: Military Power and the Weapons Industry in the Ottoman ... - Gábor Ágoston|date=2005-03-24|publisher=Books.google.com.au|accessdate=2015-06-26}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jdcrsCOB-VcC&pg=PA208&dq=orban+Hungarian+constantinople+1453&hl=en&sa=X&ei=iEsBT6frDuShmQWC7qGFAQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=orban%20Hungarian%20constantinople%201453&f=false|title=Medieval Weapons: An Illustrated History of Their Impact - Kelly DeVries, Robert Douglas Smith|date=|publisher=Books.google.com.au|accessdate=2015-06-26}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9_vVTWXK5kQC&pg=PT144&dq=urban+Hungarian+constantinople+1453&hl=en&sa=X&ei=xVABT4XVJLDRmAXmofC6Ag&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=urban%20Hungarian%20constantinople%201453&f=false|title=Asia: A Concise History - Arthur Cotterell|date=2011-05-16|publisher=Books.google.com.au|accessdate=2015-06-26}}</ref> хоча дехто вважає, що він був [[Німці|німцемнімець]].<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mzwpq6bLHhMC&pg=PA490&dq=orban+Hungarian+constantinople+1453&hl=en&sa=X&ei=iEsBT6frDuShmQWC7qGFAQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=orban%20Hungarian%20constantinople%201453&f=false|title=The Oxford Encyclopedia of Medieval Warfare and Military Technology|date=|publisher=Books.google.com.au|accessdate=2015-06-26}}</ref> Альтернативні теорії припускають, що він мав [[Волохи|волоське]]<ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.ro/books?id=ikppAAAAMAAJ&q=orban++wallachian&dq=orban++wallachian&hl=en&sa=X&ei=iwwMT5b-B-nY4QTPjP2sBg&redir_esc=y|title=Diversions of a Diplomat in Turkey - Samuel Sullivan Cox|date=|publisher=Books.google.ro|accessdate=2015-06-26}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.ro/books?id=QKhuxLdnYhMC&pg=PA200&dq=orban++wallachian&hl=en&sa=X&ei=iwwMT5b-B-nY4QTPjP2sBg&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=orban%20%20wallachian&f=false|title=The Roots of Balkanization: Eastern Europe C.E. 500-1500 - Ion Grumeza|date=|publisher=Books.google.ro|accessdate=2015-06-26}}</ref> коріння чи <span>[[Дакія|дакійське]]</span>.<ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.ro/books?id=GMDgAAAAMAAJ&q=constantinopole+Dacian+Orban&dq=constantinopole+Dacian+Orban&hl=ro&sa=X&ei=JQLvTs26IsGB4AT_ooDiCA&ved=0CDkQ6AEwAw|title=Guns and Men in Medieval Europe, 1200-1500: Studies in Military History and ... - Kelly DeVries|date=2009-08-26|publisher=Books.google.ro|accessdate=2015-06-26}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qvvdVXckfqQC&pg=PA391&dq=orban+dacian+constantinopole&hl=en&sa=X&ei=CQDvTqeEC8Xe4QSsrtmACQ&sqi=2&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=orban%20dacian%20constantinopole&f=false|title=The Siege and the Fall of Constantinople in 1453: Historiography, Topography ... - Marios Philippides, Walter K. Hanak|date=|publisher=Books.google.com|accessdate=2015-06-26}}</ref>